Katana's

The anatomy of the katana – the traditional samurai-sword explained

The Japanese katana is one of the most recognizable swords in the world. This weapon, worn by samurai in feudal Japan, is known for its distinctive curvature, refined finish, and technical perfection. A katana consists of multiple components that together provide balance, strength, and functionality.

Shinogi, hamon, and kissaki

The blade is the heart of the sword. This elongated blade has one cutting edge and is reinforced by the shinogi line, which divides the surface into two zones. The famous hamon, the wavy pattern along the edge, is created by the traditional differential hardening process. The tip, or kissaki, is carefully shaped to penetrate armor or textile powerfully. At the basic is the habaki, a metal collar that securely locks the blade into the scabbard.

Nakago, tsuka, mekugi, and menuki

The tang (nakago) forms the connection between the blade and handle. It is secured in the wooden tsuka with one or more bamboo pegs, the mekugi. The tsuka is wrapped with samekawa (ray skin) and tsuka-ito (wrapping cord), providing grip and an elegant appearance. Decorative menuki under the cord offer both aesthetics and extra grip.

Tsuba and seppa

The round crossguard, the tsuba, protects the hands and influences the balance of the sword. Between tsuba and tsuka are metal rings, seppa, which keep everything tightly in place.

Saya

The whole is stored in a wooden scabbard, the saya, often decorated or lacquered. A cord, the sageo, allows the sword to be worn on the belt. A special variant, the shirasaya, has a simple wooden housing and was mainly used for storage and discretion.

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